What Are Ions

The video tutorial explains how ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, resulting in charged particles. Positively charged ions are called cations, while negatively charged ions are anions. Examples include sodium, which loses an electron to form a cation, and oxygen, which gains electrons to form an anion. The tutorial also covers the electronic structures of calcium and chloride ions, highlighting their similarity to noble gases. It discusses the behavior of metals and nonmetals in forming ions and concludes with a summary of ion characteristics.

What happens to an atom when it gains or loses electrons?

Explain the difference between cations and anions.

Describe the electronic structure of sodium and how it forms a sodium ion.

What is the significance of noble gases in relation to ions?

How do nonmetals like oxygen and fluorine form ions?