Structural Design Patterns in Modern C++ - Adding Shapes

The video tutorial explains the creation of a shape hierarchy using a base class called Shape, from which Line and Circle classes inherit. It covers the implementation of a window pointer shared among shapes, the construction of Line and Circle classes, and their respective draw functions. The main function demonstrates creating a window object and drawing shapes on it. The tutorial concludes with a discussion on abstraction and implementation, highlighting how new shapes can be added by inheriting from the Shape class.

How can additional shapes be added to the existing hierarchy using software rendering?

What does it mean to modify an abstraction and its implementation independently?