TED-Ed: How do geckos defy gravity? - Eleanor Nelsen

Geckos can climb vertical surfaces and walk upside down due to van der Waals forces, not claws or glue. These forces arise from temporary charge imbalances in molecules. Gecko toes have tiny structures called setae and spatulae that maximize these forces, allowing them to stick and release easily. This natural adhesion has inspired artificial materials, though not as strong as gecko toes, they enable humans to climb walls. The video explains the science behind gecko adhesion and its technological applications.

What principle do geckos use to stick to surfaces?

Describe the role of electronegativity in the adhesion process of geckos.

What are van der Waals forces and how do they relate to the gecko's ability to climb?

Explain how the structure of a gecko's toes contributes to its ability to adhere to surfaces.

How have scientists attempted to replicate the gecko's adhesive abilities in man-made materials?