China rejects arbitration on South China Sea

In January 2013, the Philippines unilaterally initiated a dispute over the South China Sea, which China refused to accept or participate in. China maintains that the arbitration is illegal and insists on resolving disputes through bilateral negotiations, as outlined in agreements with the Philippines and ASEAN countries.

When did the Philippines initiate the South China Sea arbitration case?

• January 2013

• March 2014

• June 2015

• September 2016

What was China's response to the arbitration case initiated by the Philippines?

• China accepted the case

• China participated in the case

• China did not accept or participate

• China proposed a joint resolution

How did China and the Philippines agree to resolve their disputes?

• Through international sanctions

• By involving a third party

• Via bilateral negotiations

• Through military intervention

What was excluded from the China-Philippines agreement regarding dispute resolution?

• Economic sanctions

• Military actions

• Compulsory dispute resolution procedures

• Environmental regulations

What method does China prefer for resolving sovereignty and jurisdiction disputes?

• Negotiation and consultation

• Unilateral decisions

• International arbitration

• Economic pressure