Mysterious weak spot in the Earth’s magnetic field is spreading: ESA

The video discusses the South Atlantic Anomaly, a weak spot in Earth's magnetic field that has been expanding since 1970. This anomaly may be forming a second cell near Southwest Africa. Earth's magnetic field, generated by its molten core, shields the planet from solar and cosmic radiation. Over the past two centuries, the field has weakened by 9%. The anomaly currently affects satellites and spacecraft, but Earth's magnetic field can change over geological time, sometimes even reversing poles. The cause of the anomaly's weakening is unclear but may relate to the African large low shear velocity province.

What is the South Atlantic Anomaly and how has it changed since 1970?

Explain the significance of the Earth's magnetic field in protecting the planet.

What are the potential effects of the weakening of the South Atlantic Anomaly on satellites?

Discuss the geological processes that affect the Earth's magnetic field over time.

What theories exist regarding the cause of the weakening of the South Atlantic Anomaly?