The video tutorial covers the concept of modularization in Java, focusing on the module descriptor file, which defines metadata about modules. It explains the use of 'requires' and 'transitive requires' to manage dependencies, and how 'exports' can control package access. The tutorial also discusses the advantages of modularization, such as compile-time checks, better encapsulation, and a smaller Java runtime. Additionally, it highlights the ability to control reflection in Java 9 modules.

What is the purpose of the module descriptor file in Java?

Explain the concept of 'requires' in the context of Java modules.

What are transitive requires and how do they affect module dependencies?

How does the 'exports' statement work in Java modules?

What are the advantages of modularization in Java?