2011 Nobel Prize - Dark Energy feat. Sean Carroll

The video explains that distant galaxies are moving away from us, and the more distant they are, the faster they move. This expansion of the universe was expected to slow down due to gravity, but in 1998, it was discovered that galaxies are actually accelerating away. This acceleration is attributed to dark energy or vacuum energy, a concept introduced by Einstein. Theoretical cosmologists are exploring whether this is due to vacuum energy or a modification of general relativity. If vacuum energy is correct, the universe will continue to expand, becoming lonelier and emptier over time.

What are some theories that cosmologists are exploring to explain the acceleration of the universe?

Discuss the implications of the universe becoming a lonelier, darker, and emptier place.