Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is the 9th largest country, bordered by Russia, China, and others. Its major cities include Almaty and Astana, with a diverse population of 18 million. The country is rich in oil and gas, leading to economic growth. Politically, it has been led by Nazarbayev since independence in 1991. The climate is continental, with the Aral Sea facing ecological issues. The Baikonur Cosmodrome is a key space launch site. The landscape features the Tian Shan and Altai Mountains, with unique natural landmarks.

Who has been the leader of Kazakhstan since its independence in 1991?

What ecological disaster occurred with the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan?

What notable geographical features are found in eastern Kazakhstan?