La destilación fraccionada

The video explains how crude oil, a thick brown liquid extracted from the earth, is transformed into useful products through fractional distillation. This process separates a mixture of liquids into different fractions based on boiling points, which are determined by the carbon atom chains in hydrocarbons. The crude oil is heated to form steam and pumped into a fractionation column, where fractions with long carbon chains condense at the bottom and those with short chains at the top. Each fraction has unique properties and uses, such as petroleum for fuel, bitumen for roads, and kerosene for jet fuel. Fractional distillation is essential for producing many substances in our daily lives.

What are the properties of fractions with smaller molecules compared to those with larger molecules?

List some essential substances that are produced through fractional distillation.