Compare the breadth-first and depth-first search algorithms : Implementing BFS on Regular Graphs

The video tutorial covers the implementation of the breadth first search (BFS) algorithm on graphs. It begins with an introduction to BFS, followed by modifications to the vertex class to include properties like parent, visited, and distance. The BFS algorithm is implemented to traverse the graph, updating these properties. A variation of BFS with a goal vertex is also introduced, which returns the path from the goal back to the source. The tutorial concludes with testing the BFS and BFS with goal on a sample graph, demonstrating the shortest path finding capability of the algorithm.

How does the algorithm reconstruct the path from the goal vertex back to the source vertex?

In what scenario would the function return null after executing the breadth first search?

What is the significance of the 'parent' attribute in the context of the breadth first search?