Pyelonephritis (Kidney Infection) | Causes, Pathophysiology, Signs & Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment

This video tutorial covers acute pyelonephritis, a bacterial infection causing kidney inflammation. It discusses the condition's causes, epidemiology, and risk factors, highlighting that it is more common in females. The pathophysiology section explains how infections spread to the kidneys, either through hematogenous spread or ascending urinary tract infections. Clinical features such as fever, flank pain, and nausea are detailed, along with complications like sepsis and renal failure. Diagnosis involves clinical examination and urinalysis, while treatment includes antibiotics and rehydration.

What is acute pyelonephritis and what causes it?

Describe the epidemiology of acute pyelonephritis.

What are the two mechanisms by which an infection can spread to the kidneys?

List the common clinical features of acute pyelonephritis.

What distinguishes uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis from complicated acute pyelonephritis?

How is acute pyelonephritis diagnosed?

What are the main treatment options for acute pyelonephritis?