Spanish Senate Empowers Rajoy to Oust Catalan Government

The Senate has empowered Rajoy to remove the Catalan government, sparking a swift response from Madrid. An emergency cabinet meeting is expected to outline measures, with the government aiming to act gradually and proportionately. The Catalan secession movement is likely to mobilize in defense of their parliament, while the Spanish government seeks to assert control amidst ongoing protests in Barcelona and Catalonia.

What measures has the government indicated it would take in response to the situation in Catalonia?

What challenges does the Spanish government face in asserting control over Catalonia?