Anatomy & Physiology of the Esophagus

The video explains the process of swallowing, focusing on the esophagus and its sphincters. It details how the upper esophageal sphincter, under conscious control, and the lower esophageal sphincter, under involuntary control, regulate food passage. The video also covers peristalsis, the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle that moves food independently of gravity. It highlights the importance of the epiglottis in preventing food from entering the respiratory tract and discusses the health risks of acid reflux.

What is the role of the upper esophageal sphincter during swallowing?

What happens to the epiglottis during swallowing?

How does the body prevent food from entering the respiratory tract during swallowing?

Describe the process of peristalsis in the esophagus.

How does gravity affect the movement of food through the esophagus?

Explain the difference between the upper and lower esophageal sphincters.

What type of muscle is the lower esophageal sphincter composed of?

What is chyme and how is it related to the process of digestion?

What is acid reflux and why is it considered unhealthy?

What is the significance of the esophagus being a passageway without digestion or absorption?