A new kind of composer

The transcript discusses Beethoven's innovative approach to music notation and conducting. He introduced specific markings in his manuscripts, particularly in the Ninth Symphony, to guide conductors on how to lead the orchestra. At the time, the concept of a conductor was not well established, as composers often led performances themselves. Beethoven envisioned a dedicated conductor who would interpret his music with expression, emotion, and intensity, rather than just playing it beautifully. This marked a significant shift in how orchestras were directed, emphasizing the importance of conveying the emotional depth of the music.

What was Beethoven's perspective on the role of the conductor in relation to the orchestra?

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In what ways did Beethoven instruct the orchestra to play his compositions?

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