What is a Motte & Bailey Castle?

Jacob Normandy's strategy in conquering Britain involved building strongholds to secure territory and provide fallback positions. The Normans initiated a large-scale castle-building program, creating a network of castles, some made of stone like Chepstow. Early castles were primarily Motte and Bailey structures, featuring a raised mound (Motte) with a watchtower and a lower area (Bailey) for living and business, all surrounded by wooden walls and a moat.

Explain the structure and components of a Mott and Bailey castle.

What defensive features were included in the design of the castles?