The video explores the fundamental structure of atoms, which are composed of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons. It explains the relative mass and charge of these particles, the concept of atomic size, and the mostly empty space within atoms. The video also covers how atoms can become ions by gaining or losing electrons, and introduces the periodic table, explaining how atomic and mass numbers define elements.

What are the basic building blocks of all matter?

• Compounds

• Molecules

• Atoms

• Cells

Which particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?

• Protons and electrons

• Protons and neutrons

• Electrons and protons

• Neutrons and electrons

What is the charge of a neutron?

• Negative

• Variable

• Positive

• Neutral

How does the size of the nucleus compare to the size of the atom?

• The nucleus is larger

• The nucleus is the same size

• The nucleus is 10,000 times smaller

• The nucleus is 10,000 times larger

What happens to an atom when it gains an electron?

• It becomes a proton

• It becomes a positive ion

• It becomes a negative ion

• It remains neutral

What is the term for an atom that has lost or gained electrons?

• Compound

• Molecule

• Ion

• Isotope

What does the atomic number of an element represent?

• Number of protons

• Number of electrons

• Number of neutrons

• Number of atoms

How do you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

• Number of electrons minus protons

• Atomic number minus mass number

• Number of protons plus electrons

• Mass number minus atomic number

Which element is represented by the symbol 'O'?

• Oxygen

• Osmium

• Oganesson

• Oxygenium

What information does the mass number of an element provide?

• Total number of atoms

• Total number of electrons

• Total number of protons and neutrons

• Total number of protons