Periodic Trends: Unraveling Atomic Radius and Size Variations

The video tutorial covers periodic trends, focusing on atomic radius and its relation to atomic size. It explains how atomic size changes across the periodic table, with elements getting smaller from left to right and larger from top to bottom. The concept of shielding and effective nuclear charge is discussed, highlighting their impact on atomic size. The tutorial also explores how ionization affects atomic size, with metals becoming smaller and non-metals larger when they form ions. Finally, it addresses isoelectronic atoms, explaining how the number of protons influences their size.

What is the atomic radius?

• The distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron

• Half the distance between two bonded identical atoms

• The distance between two different atoms

• The distance from the nucleus to the innermost electron

Where are the smallest elements located on the periodic table?

• Top right

• Bottom right

• Bottom left

• Top left

Why do atoms get larger as you move down a group in the periodic table?

• Because they gain more protons

• Because they lose electron shells

• Because they gain more electron shells

• Because they lose protons

What happens to the atomic size as you move from left to right across a period?

• It remains the same

• It fluctuates

• It increases

• It decreases

What is shielding in the context of atomic structure?

• The repulsion between protons in the nucleus

• The attraction between protons and electrons

• The repulsion of outer electrons by inner shell electrons

• The attraction between electrons in the same shell

How does effective nuclear charge affect atomic size?

• It has no effect on atomic size

• Higher effective nuclear charge decreases atomic size

• Higher effective nuclear charge increases atomic size

• It only affects the size of ions

What happens to metals when they form cations?

• They get larger

• They get smaller

• They become non-metals

• They remain the same size

How do non-metals change in size when they form anions?

• They get larger

• They get smaller

• They become metals

• They remain the same size

What does it mean for atoms to be isoelectronic?

• They have the same number of protons

• They have the same number of neutrons

• They have the same atomic mass

• They have the same number of electrons

How does the number of protons affect the size of isoelectronic species?

• More protons make the species larger

• More protons make the species smaller

• Protons have no effect on size

• Protons only affect the charge