Transport Systems: The Lifelines of Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms

The video explains the need for transport systems in organisms. Unicellular organisms rely on diffusion due to their large surface area to volume ratio. In contrast, multicellular organisms like plants require complex transport systems. The video details the roles of xylem and phloem in transporting water, minerals, and nutrients. Xylem consists of dead cells that form a hollow tube for water transport, while phloem distributes sugars and amino acids throughout the plant. The process of moving nutrients in the phloem is called translocation.

Why do unicellular organisms not require complex transport systems?

• They have a small surface area to volume ratio.

• They can move quickly to obtain nutrients.

• They rely on diffusion through their cell membrane.

• They have specialized organs for transport.

What is the primary function of vascular bundles in plants?

• To store nutrients for later use.

• To provide structural support to the plant.

• To transport water, minerals, and nutrients throughout the plant.

• To protect the plant from external damage.

Which type of vessel in plants is responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals?

• Xylem

• Chloroplast

• Phloem

• Stomata

What strengthens the xylem vessels, allowing them to transport water efficiently?

• Lignin

• Starch

• Cellulose

• Chlorophyll

In which direction does the xylem transport water and minerals?

• Downwards only

• Horizontally

• Both upwards and downwards

• Upwards only

How does the movement of substances in the phloem differ from that in the xylem?

• Phloem only moves substances upwards.

• Phloem is not involved in transport.

• Phloem moves substances in both directions.

• Phloem transports only water.

What is the process of moving sugars and amino acids throughout the plant called?

• Transpiration

• Photosynthesis

• Translocation

• Respiration

Which of the following is NOT transported by the phloem?

• Water

• Amino acids

• Minerals

• Sugars

What is the main sugar transported by the phloem for respiration?

• Lactose

• Glucose

• Sucrose

• Fructose

What happens to the sugar transported to the roots by the phloem?

• It is used immediately for energy.

• It is converted into proteins.

• It is converted into starch for storage.

• It is lost through transpiration.