Equilibrium Dynamics in Water Vaporization and Condensation

The video tutorial explains the concept of equilibrium using a beaker of water and a chemical reaction. It describes how water molecules evaporate and condense, reaching a dynamic equilibrium where the rates of vaporization and condensation are equal. The tutorial then applies this concept to a chemical reaction involving the decomposition of x2 into 2x, illustrating how equilibrium is reached when the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. Graphs are used to show concentration changes over time, and the macroscopic view of equilibrium is discussed, highlighting the constant state of reactants and products.

What happens to the water molecules in a beaker with a lid when equilibrium is reached?

• All water molecules evaporate.

• The number of liquid and gaseous water molecules remains constant.

• All water molecules condense.

• The water level rises.

In the hypothetical reaction, what are the products of the forward reaction?

• 2X

• X2

• Oxygen

• Water

What is the initial concentration of X2 in the reaction container?

• 0.6 molar

• 0.5 molar

• 0.3 molar

• 0.2 molar

At what time does the reaction reach equilibrium?

• 10 seconds

• 40 seconds

• 20 seconds

• 30 seconds

What does the graph of concentration versus time indicate about equilibrium?

• Concentrations remain constant after equilibrium.

• Concentrations fluctuate randomly.

• Concentrations decrease indefinitely.

• Concentrations increase indefinitely.

What is the equilibrium concentration of X2 gas?

• 0.1 molar

• 0.2 molar

• 0.4 molar

• 0.3 molar

What is the significance of the dashed line at 20 seconds on the graph?

• It represents a change in temperature.

• It shows the point where equilibrium is reached.

• It indicates the end of the reaction.

• It marks the start of the reaction.

How does the color of the reaction vessel change as equilibrium is reached?

• It becomes darker.

• It becomes lighter.

• It remains the same.

• It turns colorless.

What do particulate diagrams show about the reaction at equilibrium?

• The number of particles increases.

• The number of particles decreases.

• The number of particles remains constant.

• The particles disappear.

What happens to the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium?

• They increase.

• They decrease.

• They remain constant.

• They fluctuate.