Genetics Vocabulary Foundations and Principles of Inheritance

The video tutorial provides an introduction to genetics, focusing on foundational concepts such as genes, alleles, and the principles studied by Mendel. It explains the difference between dominant and recessive alleles, using examples like eye color. The tutorial also covers the concepts of homozygous and heterozygous alleles, and how these relate to genotype and phenotype. The video aims to build a solid understanding of these terms and their applications in genetics.

What is the term for different forms of a gene that can exist?

• Nucleotides

• Alleles

• Proteins

• Chromosomes

Which type of allele is always expressed when present?

• Recessive

• Heterozygous

• Homozygous

• Dominant

How is a recessive allele represented in genetic notation?

• With a number

• With a lowercase letter

• With a symbol

• With a capital letter

What does the term 'homozygous' mean in genetics?

• Two different alleles

• No alleles present

• Two identical alleles

• One dominant and one recessive allele

What is another term for a heterozygous individual?

• Purebred

• Hybrid

• Recessive

• Dominant

In a heterozygous individual, which allele is expressed?

• Neither

• Both equally

• Dominant

• Recessive

What does 'genotype' refer to in genetics?

• The protein produced

• The environment

• The DNA sequence or allele pairs

• The physical appearance

What is the term for the observable traits of an organism?

• Chromosome

• Allele

• Phenotype

• Genotype

Can two individuals with different genotypes have the same phenotype?

• No, genotypes always determine different phenotypes

• No, only identical twins can have the same phenotype

• Yes, if they produce the same protein

• Yes, but only in plants

What is the relationship between codons and amino acids?

• Each amino acid is coded by a single codon

• Each codon codes for multiple amino acids

• Multiple codons can code for the same amino acid

• Codons and amino acids are unrelated