Ionic Versus Molecular Compounds: Key Differences and Identification

The video explains the differences between ionic and molecular (covalent) compounds, focusing on their composition, how to identify them using chemical formulas, and their structural differences. Ionic compounds consist of metals and non-metals, while molecular compounds are made of non-metals. The video provides examples and discusses complex compounds with polyatomic ions. It highlights how atoms are held together in each type: sharing electrons in molecular compounds and electron transfer in ionic compounds. The video also covers the visual differences between molecular clumps and ionic lattice structures, and how each dissolves in water.

What is the primary difference between ionic and molecular compounds?

• Molecular compounds are made of metals only.

• Ionic compounds are made of metals and non-metals, while molecular compounds are made of only non-metals.

• Molecular compounds are made of metals and non-metals.

• Ionic compounds are made of only non-metals.

Which of the following is a molecular compound?

• Lithium nitrate

• Copper 2-fluoride

• Sulfur dioxide

• Sodium chloride

Why is water considered a molecular compound despite hydrogen's position on the periodic table?

• Water is an ionic compound.

• Hydrogen is a metal.

• Water contains a metal.

• Hydrogen is an exception and is actually a non-metal.

What makes lithium nitrate an ionic compound?

• It is a molecular compound.

• It contains only non-metals.

• It contains a metal and non-metals.

• It is made of polyatomic ions.

Which of the following is true about polyatomic ionic compounds?

• They contain only one type of non-metal.

• They contain multiple non-metals.

• They are always molecular.

• They do not contain metals.

How are atoms held together in molecular compounds?

• By gravitational forces.

• By magnetic forces.

• By transferring electrons.

• By sharing electrons.

What happens to electrons in ionic compounds?

• They are transferred from one atom to another.

• They are shared equally.

• They are not involved in bonding.

• They are shared unequally.

What is a lattice structure in ionic compounds?

• A clump of molecules.

• A regular, organized arrangement of ions.

• A random arrangement of atoms.

• A single molecule.

How do molecular compounds behave when dissolved in water?

• They do not dissolve.

• They form a lattice structure.

• They break apart into molecules.

• They dissolve into individual atoms.

What is a key visual difference between sugar and salt at the atomic level?

• Salt is made of clumps of molecules.

• Sugar is made of clumps of molecules, while salt forms a lattice structure.

• Salt is made of molecules.

• Sugar forms a lattice structure.