Atoms Structure

Atoms are the basic units of matter, composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons. Protons and neutrons reside in the nucleus, while electrons orbit it. The number of protons defines the element, such as Carbon, which has six protons and electrons. Variations in neutron numbers create isotopes. Electrons move rapidly, making their exact location hard to pinpoint, often depicted as a cloud. Orbitals illustrate electron energy states, with valence electrons in the outermost orbital participating in chemical reactions.

What are the three types of subatomic particles that make up an atom?

• Protons, Neutrons, and Photons

• Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons

• Electrons, Neutrons, and Quarks

• Protons, Electrons, and Positrons

Where are protons and neutrons located within an atom?

• In the electron cloud

• In the nucleus

• In the outermost orbital

• In the valence shell

What determines the identity of an element?

• The number of electrons

• The number of neutrons

• The number of protons

• The number of orbitals

What are isotopes?

• Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

• Atoms with the same number of electrons but different numbers of protons

• Atoms with the same number of neutrons but different numbers of electrons

• Atoms with the same number of protons and electrons

Why is it difficult to pinpoint the exact location of an electron?

• Because electrons have a large mass

• Because electrons move at high speeds

• Because electrons are positively charged

• Because electrons are stationary

How are electrons often represented in diagrams?

• As a solid line

• As a negatively charged cloud

• As a stationary point

• As a positively charged cloud

What are valence electrons?

• Electrons in the innermost orbital

• Electrons in the outermost orbital involved in chemical reactions

• Electrons that do not participate in chemical reactions

• Electrons that are positively charged