The Impact of COVID-19 on Respiratory Health and Immune Response

The video explains the process of breathing and how oxygen is exchanged in the lungs. It discusses COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which infects lung cells using the ACE2 molecule. The virus and the body's inflammatory response can damage lung tissue, leading to breathing difficulties. Research funded by NHLBI is exploring treatments for COVID-19. The video also emphasizes protective measures like handwashing and social distancing to prevent infection.

What happens to the air sacs in the lungs during the breathing process?

• They produce mucus.

• They collapse.

• They fill with blood.

• They exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.

How does the SARS-CoV-2 virus enter the cells in the airways?

• By creating its own pathway.

• By using the ACE2 molecule as an entry point.

• By merging with the cell nucleus.

• By dissolving the cell membrane.

What is a potential consequence of the immune system's reaction to COVID-19?

• Increased oxygen levels in the blood.

• Damage and scarring of the air sacs.

• Strengthened lung tissue.

• Reduced inflammation in the body.

Why might inflammation become excessive in some COVID-19 patients?

• The virus increases the production of ACE2.

• The virus prevents ACE2 from reducing inflammation.

• The virus decreases the body's temperature.

• The virus enhances the immune response.

What role does ACE2 play in the body under normal circumstances?

• It causes cell death.

• It increases blood pressure.

• It helps reduce inflammation.

• It produces antibodies.

What is the focus of NHLBI-funded research related to COVID-19?

• Studying the effects of COVID-19 on animals.

• Understanding the role of ACE2 in inflammation.

• Creating new strains of the virus.

• Developing vaccines for all viruses.

Which group of people is at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19?

• People who exercise regularly.

• Individuals with no pre-existing conditions.

• Children under the age of 5.

• People with chronic lung, heart, or blood diseases.

What is one recommended measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19?

• Staying indoors at all times.

• Consuming more sugar.

• Wearing a mask in crowded places.

• Avoiding all forms of exercise.