Subatomic Particles and Atomic Structure in Elements

The video tutorial from ScienceXL covers the calculation of subatomic particles in atoms and ions. It begins with an introduction to atomic and mass numbers, explaining their significance in the periodic table. The tutorial then provides detailed calculations for determining the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in various elements, using examples of oxygen, sulphur, and potassium. The video concludes with a summary and encourages viewers to engage with additional resources for further learning.

What two numbers are found in each element's box on the periodic table?

• Atomic number and electron number

• Mass number and atomic number

• Proton number and electron number

• Neutron number and mass number

What does the atomic number (Z) represent?

• Sum of protons and neutrons

• Number of protons in the nucleus

• Total number of neutrons

• Total number of electrons

How is the atomic mass number (A) defined?

• Number of neutrons in an atom

• Total number of protons and neutrons

• Number of protons in an atom

• Number of electrons in an atom

For an oxygen atom with a mass number of 16 and atomic number of 8, how many neutrons does it have?

• 24

• 16

• 0

• 8

In a neutral atom, how do the number of protons compare to the number of electrons?

• Protons equal electrons

• Protons are unrelated to electrons

• Protons are half the electrons

• Protons are double the electrons

What is the charge on a sulphur ion if it has 18 electrons and 16 protons?

• 2+

• 1-

• 2-

• 1+

How many neutrons are in a sulphur atom with a mass number of 32 and atomic number of 16?

• 8

• 16

• 32

• 0

For a potassium ion with a charge of 1+, how many electrons does it have if the atomic number is 19?

• 20

• 18

• 17

• 19

What is the number of neutrons in a potassium atom with a mass number of 39 and atomic number of 19?

• 20

• 19

• 39

• 18

What is the relationship between protons and electrons in a neutral potassium atom?

• Protons are more than electrons

• Protons are less than electrons

• Protons are unrelated to electrons

• Protons equal electrons