Gibbs Free Energy and Its Impact on Chemical Reactions

The video tutorial explains Gibbs free energy, symbolized by G, and its change, symbolized by delta G. It covers how delta G is calculated using enthalpy (delta H), temperature, and entropy (delta S). The video discusses when a reaction is thermodynamically favored, spontaneous, or at equilibrium based on delta G values. It also explains standard states and how to calculate standard Gibbs free energy (delta G naught). An example calculation for the synthesis of hydrogen fluoride gas is provided, demonstrating the process of determining delta G naught and its implications for reaction favorability.

What does a negative Delta G indicate about a chemical reaction?

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The reaction is thermodynamically favored.

• The reaction is endothermic.

If Delta G is greater than zero, what can be said about the reaction?

• The reaction is exothermic.

• The forward reaction is favored.

• The reverse reaction is favored.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

What does it mean when Delta G equals zero?

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction is exothermic.

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The reaction is spontaneous.

What is the standard state of a gas?

• Pure gas at a pressure of one atmosphere.

• Gas at a pressure of two atmospheres.

• Gas at a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius.

• Gas at a concentration of one molar.

How is Delta G naught calculated?

• By dividing Delta H by Delta S.

• By subtracting the product of temperature and Delta S from Delta H.

• By adding Delta H and Delta S.

• By multiplying Delta H and Delta S.

What is the significance of a negative Delta G naught in a reaction?

• The reaction is non-spontaneous in the forward direction.

• The reaction is thermodynamically favored in the forward direction.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction is endothermic.

What is the first step in calculating Delta G naught for a reaction?

• Convert pressure to atmospheres.

• Convert temperature to Kelvin.

• Convert Delta S to kilojoules.

• Convert Delta H to joules.

Why is it important to convert Delta S to kilojoules when calculating Delta G naught?

• To match the units of Delta H.

• To match the units of pressure.

• To simplify the calculation.

• To ensure accuracy in temperature conversion.

What does the calculation of Delta G naught tell us about the reaction at standard conditions?

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• The reaction is thermodynamically favored.

• The reaction is endothermic.

What happens to the reactants and products when Delta G naught is negative?

• Reactants are favored.

• The reaction is non-spontaneous.

• The reaction is at equilibrium.

• Products are favored.