Transcription and Translation: The Journey of DNA to Protein

The video explains the processes of transcription and translation in simple terms. Transcription involves using a DNA template to create messenger RNA, which then travels to a ribosome for translation. During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA in codons, and transfer RNA brings the corresponding amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, resulting in a protein. The video concludes with a call to subscribe and share.

What is the initial phase of protein synthesis where DNA is used as a template?

• Mutation

• Translation

• Transcription

• Replication

Which enzyme is responsible for unzipping DNA during transcription?

• DNA ligase

• RNA polymerase

• Helicase

• Topoisomerase

Where does translation occur within the cell?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

What is the role of the small subunit of a ribosome?

• Synthesizes DNA

• Reads the RNA

• Transports proteins

• Joins amino acids

What is a codon?

• A quadruplet of nucleotides

• A pair of nucleotides

• A single nucleotide

• A triplet of nucleotides

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) during translation?

• Carries genetic information

• Replicates DNA

• Synthesizes proteins

• Matches codons with anticodons

What type of bond forms between amino acids during protein synthesis?

• Hydrogen bond

• Ionic bond

• Covalent bond

• Peptide bond

What signals the end of the translation process?

• Enhancer sequence

• Promoter region

• Start codon

• Stop codon

Which codon is an example of a stop codon?

• AUG

• UGA

• UAC

• GCU

What happens to the polypeptide chain after the stop codon is reached?

• It is converted into RNA

• It is degraded

• It folds into a functional protein

• It is transported to the nucleus