Decoding The Genetic Code In Protein Synthesis

The video tutorial provides a guide on reading the genetic code, focusing on mRNA codons and their translation into amino acids. It explains the significance of the start codon AUG, which codes for methionine, and highlights the flexibility in the genetic code that allows for multiple codons to code for the same amino acid. The tutorial includes examples of codons and discusses the impact of mutations. Instructions for an assignment on transcribing DNA to mRNA and determining amino acids are provided, along with practice exercises for transcription and translation.

What is the basic unit of the genetic code in messenger RNA?

• Nucleotide

• Codon

• Amino acid

• Protein

Which codon is universally recognized as the start codon in protein synthesis?

• AUG

• UAA

• UAG

• UGA

What amino acid does the codon CAU code for?

• Histidine

• Glycine

• Methionine

• Valine

How many different codons can code for the amino acid valine?

• Two

• Three

• Five

• Four

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

• It transcribes DNA into RNA.

• It carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• It forms the structure of ribosomes.

• It catalyzes peptide bond formation.

When transcribing DNA to RNA, which base is replaced by uracil?

• Thymine

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Adenine

What is the anticodon for the mRNA codon AUG?

• AUG

• UAC

• GUA

• CAU

Which of the following is NOT a step in the transcription process?

• DNA unwinding

• RNA polymerase binding

• tRNA anticodon pairing

• mRNA synthesis

What is the primary function of messenger RNA?

• To form the structure of ribosomes

• To transport amino acids

• To catalyze chemical reactions

• To carry genetic information from DNA to the ribosome

Which of the following is a correct pairing in RNA transcription?

• A-T

• C-G

• U-A

• G-T