Emile Durkheim on Capitalism's Paradox of Wealth and Mental Distress

Emile Durkheim, a prominent philosopher, explored the paradox of capitalism making societies richer yet more miserable. His seminal work, 'Suicide', revealed how industrialization and consumer capitalism increased suicide rates. Durkheim identified that modern capitalism burdens individuals with choices, leading to personal blame for failures. He critiqued capitalism's undermining of social norms and the lack of communal support, which religion once provided. Durkheim's insights highlight the need for new ways of belonging and balancing freedom with solidarity.

What was the main focus of Emile Durkheim's scholarly career?

• The rise of industrialization

• The economic growth of France

• The impact of capitalism on mental health

• The development of urban societies

How did Durkheim describe the transition from traditional to modern societies?

• A return to agricultural roots

• A shift towards more communal living

• An increase in individual choices and responsibilities

• A decrease in technological advancements

What does capitalism often promise according to Durkheim?

• A decrease in societal pressures

• A return to traditional values

• Limitless luxury and opportunities

• Guaranteed success for everyone

What societal issue did Durkheim find particularly annoying?

• The increase in agricultural practices

• The lack of technological progress

• The boosterish side of capitalism

• The decline of religious influence

What has capitalism failed to replace, according to Durkheim?

• The sense of community offered by religion

• The economic system

• The traditional family structure

• The industrial workforce

What did Durkheim believe about the role of religion in society?

• It should be replaced by science

• It was the main cause of societal issues

• It provided important communal and consolatory functions

• It was entirely unnecessary

What challenge does modern society face according to Durkheim?

• Creating new ways of belonging

• Returning to traditional values

• Increasing technological advancements

• Reducing economic growth

How does Durkheim view the role of family in modern society?

• As irrelevant to societal development

• As less stable and less connected

• As a stable source of belonging

• As the primary source of economic growth

What does Durkheim suggest about the balance between freedom and solidarity?

• Solidarity should be prioritized over freedom

• Freedom should be prioritized over solidarity

• Neither is important in modern society

• A correct balance between the two is necessary

What does Durkheim believe about the pressures on individuals in modern economies?

• They are minimal and easily managed

• They are similar to those in traditional societies

• They are tremendous and leave individuals without guidance

• They are beneficial for personal growth