Revolutionary Movements and Independence in Latin America

The video explores the Mexican War of Independence, starting with early tensions under Spanish rule and the influence of Napoleon's actions in Spain. It details Miguel Hidalgo's rebellion, the leadership of José María Morelos, and the continued struggle led by figures like Guadalupe Victoria and Vicente Guerrero. The narrative culminates with Agustín Iturbide's role in the Plan of Iguala and the formal recognition of Mexican independence in 1821. The video concludes by highlighting the challenges Mexico faced post-independence, including economic hardships and political instability.

What was the primary cause of the Conspiracy of the Machetes in 1799?

• Economic hardship

• Racial tensions

• Religious differences

• Foreign invasion

What event led to the creation of local juntas in New Spain?

• The French Revolution

• The abdication of Spanish kings

• The American Revolution

• The Haitian Revolution

Who was the military leader that joined Hidalgo's rebellion?

• Vicente Guerrero

• José María Morelos

• Agustín Iturbide

• Ignacio Allende

What was a significant tactical error made by Hidalgo's army?

• Splitting the army into smaller groups

• Ignoring the advice of Allende

• Attacking Mexico City directly

• Retreating towards Guadalajara

What was the outcome of the Battle of the Bridge of Calderón?

• A decisive victory for Hidalgo

• A stalemate

• A defeat for the insurgent army

• A peace treaty was signed

What significant event took place at the Congress of Chilpancingo in 1813?

• The execution of Hidalgo

• The formal declaration of Mexican independence

• The signing of the Treaty of Córdoba

• The capture of Mexico City

Who continued to lead the insurgency after Morelos was captured?

• Agustín Iturbide

• Guadalupe Victoria and Vicente Guerrero

• Ignacio Allende

• Miguel Hidalgo

What was the Plan of Iguala?

• A peace treaty with Spain

• A declaration of independence and equality

• A plan to establish a republic

• A military strategy to defeat the Spanish

What did the Treaty of Córdoba achieve?

• It established a new Spanish viceroy

• It recognized Mexican independence

• It ended the Mexican-American War

• It annexed Central America to Mexico

On which two days does Mexico celebrate its independence?

• July 4th and September 16th

• September 16th and September 27th

• October 12th and November 20th

• May 5th and September 16th