Cell Signaling and Cycle Concepts

The video covers cell communication, detailing how cells interact through chemical signals and the stages of signal transduction. It explains the importance of receptors and pathways, highlighting the effects of mutations and chemicals on these processes. Feedback mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis are discussed, along with the phases and regulation of the cell cycle, emphasizing the balance needed to prevent cancer.

Which type of signaling involves a cell responding to its own chemical message?

• Paracrine signaling

• Endocrine signaling

• Synaptic signaling

• Autocrine signaling

What is the first stage of signal transduction?

• Response

• Reception

• Transduction

• Amplification

What role do kinases play in signal transduction?

• They phosphorylate proteins

• They bind to ligands

• They act as second messengers

• They deactivate proteins

Which hormone is associated with the fight or flight response?

• Epinephrine

• Dopamine

• Serotonin

• Insulin

What is the function of a G protein in signal transduction?

• It acts as a receptor

• It binds to DNA

• It activates adenyl cyclase

• It inhibits enzyme activity

How can mutations affect signal transduction pathways?

• They only affect synaptic signaling

• They have no effect on cellular responses

• They can alter protein function

• They always enhance signal reception

What is the role of p-53 in the cell?

• It enhances glucose storage

• It suppresses tumor formation

• It acts as a neurotransmitter

• It promotes cell division

What is the purpose of feedback loops in cells?

• To maintain internal balance

• To accelerate cell division

• To inhibit gene expression

• To disrupt homeostasis

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle?

• Cell growth

• DNA replication

• Mitosis

• Cytokinesis

What is the consequence of uncontrolled cell division?

• Signal transduction

• Apoptosis

• Tumor formation

• Homeostasis