Chi-Square Test Concepts and Applications

The video tutorial explains how to run a chi-square test in SPSS using gender and smoking status as nominal variables. It covers setting up data, running crosstabs, and interpreting the results, including observed and expected counts. The tutorial also discusses the assumptions of the chi-square test, significance levels, and effect size using Phi or Cramer's V.

What type of variables are suitable for a chi-square test?

• Ratio variables

• Ordinal variables

• Nominal variables

• Interval variables

In SPSS, where do you go to set up a chi-square test?

• Analyze > Regression > Linear

• Analyze > Compare Means > One-Way ANOVA

• Analyze > Descriptive Statistics > Crosstabs

• Analyze > Correlate > Bivariate

What does the expected count in a crosstab represent?

• The number of outliers

• The number of missing values

• The number of observations if there is no association

• The actual number of observations

What does the chi-square test determine about the observed counts?

• If they are greater than the expected counts

• If they are significantly different from the expected counts

• If they are less than the expected counts

• If they are equal to the expected counts

Why is it important that no more than 20% of cells have an expected count less than five?

• It ensures the test is valid

• It increases the sample size

• It reduces the p-value

• It increases the degrees of freedom

What does a p-value less than the alpha level indicate?

• The result is not statistically significant

• The null hypothesis is accepted

• The result is statistically significant

• The test is invalid

What is the Pearson chi-squared value used for?

• To calculate the mean

• To test the independence of variables

• To determine the sample size

• To measure the strength of association

What is the significance of the asymptotic significance value in the chi-square test?

• It indicates the test is invalid

• It shows the strength of the association

• It is the p-value indicating statistical significance

• It measures the effect size

Which effect size measure is used for a 2x2 table?

• Cramer's V

• Phi

• Eta squared

• Cohen's d

What does an effect size of 0.15 indicate according to the Survival Guide by Julie Pelant?

• A small to moderate effect

• A very large effect

• A large effect

• No effect