Melanin Production and Functions

The video discusses the prevalence of skin cancer, particularly melanoma, and the protective role of melanin in the skin. It explains how melanin is produced by melanocytes and the differences between eumelanin and pheomelanin. The video explores recent research on artificially inducing melanin production to reduce skin cancer risk, highlighting the potential for a pharmaceutical solution. It also addresses the ethical and social implications of altering skin color for medical purposes, considering the impact on race and identity.

What is the estimated frequency of melanoma-related deaths in the US?

• One every week

• One every hour

• One every day

• One every month

What is the primary function of melanin in the skin?

• To give skin its color

• To produce vitamin D

• To block UV radiation

• To regulate body temperature

What is the role of melanosomes in melanocytes?

• They store fat

• They produce melanin

• They produce vitamin D

• They regulate temperature

Which type of melanin provides more protection against UV damage?

• Pheomelanin

• Chlorophyll

• Eumelanin

• Carotene

What determines the amount and type of melanin produced in the skin?

• Age

• Sun exposure

• Diet

• Genes

How do researchers propose to increase eumelanin production artificially?

• By inhibiting a specific enzyme

• By increasing sun exposure

• By changing diet

• By genetic editing

What is the current stage of research on artificial melanin induction?

• Ready for human use

• In early testing stages

• Approved by health authorities

• Used in clinical trials

What is the main difference between eumelanin and pheomelanin production?

• Pheomelanin blocks UV rays better

• Eumelanin is produced in less acidic conditions

• Pheomelanin is darker

• Eumelanin is produced in more acidic conditions

What is a potential ethical concern regarding changing skin color for medical purposes?

• It could increase cancer risk

• It could affect racial identity

• It may lead to increased sunburn

• It might cause skin allergies

What is the scientific term for sunburn?

• Erythema solare

• Melanoma

• Carcinoma

• Dermatitis