Genetics and Inheritance Patterns

Dr. Nisa Lani explains inheritance patterns, focusing on Mendelian genetics. She describes how traits are passed through genes and chromosomes, highlighting the roles of alleles and mutations. The video covers autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance, using examples to illustrate how genetic conditions manifest. Key concepts include genetic organization, homozygous and heterozygous states, and the impact of dominant and recessive alleles.

Who was the monk that conducted studies on inheritance patterns in the 19th century?

• Isaac Newton

• Louis Pasteur

• Charles Darwin

• Gregor Mendel

How many pairs of autosomes do humans have?

• 20 pairs

• 21 pairs

• 22 pairs

• 23 pairs

What is the term for the different parts of genes that are like chapters in a book?

• Nucleotides

• Chromosomes

• Alleles

• Genes

What is the term for individuals with two identical alleles for a trait?

• Homozygous

• Recessive

• Dominant

• Heterozygous

In autosomal dominant inheritance, what is the likelihood of a child manifesting a disease if one parent has a faulty gene?

• 25%

• 50%

• 75%

• 100%

What does penetrance refer to in genetics?

• The likelihood of a gene being recessive

• The likelihood of a gene mutating

• The likelihood of developing a condition if the gene is present

• The likelihood of inheriting a gene

Which of the following is an example of an autosomal dominant disease?

• Cystic Fibrosis

• Huntington's Disease

• Sickle Cell Anemia

• Tay-Sachs Disease

In autosomal recessive inheritance, what is the chance that a child will be a carrier if both parents have one faulty gene?

• 75%

• 50%

• 100%

• 25%

What is the main difference between autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance patterns?

• Recessive patterns require only one faulty gene to manifest a disease.

• Dominant patterns manifest with one faulty gene, while recessive require two.

• Dominant patterns require two faulty genes to manifest a disease.

• Recessive patterns are more common than dominant patterns.

What is the probability that a child will not inherit any faulty genes from parents who are both carriers of a recessive gene?

• 75%

• 50%

• 25%

• 0%