ATP and Metabolic Pathways Concepts

The video introduces AP Bio topic 3.4, focusing on metabolic pathways, which are sequences of chemical reactions in organisms. It explains the role of enzymes in facilitating these pathways and distinguishes between catabolic and anabolic pathways. The video also covers exergonic and endergonic reactions, highlighting energy release and requirement. Finally, it delves into ATP's structure and function as the cell's energy currency, detailing how energy is stored and released through ATP hydrolysis.

What is the primary role of enzymes in metabolic pathways?

• To speed up chemical reactions

• To provide energy for reactions

• To act as substrates

• To store genetic information

In a metabolic pathway, what is the relationship between a substrate and a product?

• A substrate is always the final product

• A substrate is converted into a product by an enzyme

• A product is converted into a substrate by an enzyme

• A substrate and product are the same molecule

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic pathway?

• DNA replication

• Cellular respiration

• Protein synthesis

• Photosynthesis

What is the main characteristic of an exergonic reaction?

• It requires energy input

• It releases energy

• It stores energy

• It does not involve energy change

During glycolysis, what type of reaction occurs when ATP is invested?

• Exergonic

• Anabolic

• Catabolic

• Endergonic

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy for cellular activities

• To transport oxygen

• To act as a structural component

What are the three main components of an ATP molecule?

• Thymine, deoxyribose, and two phosphate groups

• Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups

• Guanine, deoxyribose, and three phosphate groups

• Cytosine, ribose, and one phosphate group

How is energy released from ATP?

• By converting ATP to glucose

• By breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups

• By forming a bond with ADP

• By adding a phosphate group

What happens to ADP after energy is released from ATP?

• It is converted into glucose

• It is recharged into ATP

• It becomes a waste product

• It is discarded by the cell

What is the significance of the ATP-ADP cycle?

• It regulates cell division

• It transports nutrients

• It provides a continuous supply of energy

• It stores genetic information