RNA Virus Replication Processes

This video tutorial explains the replication processes of RNA viruses, focusing on single-stranded RNA viruses, which can be either positive or negative sense. Positive sense RNA viruses can directly use their RNA as mRNA for protein synthesis, while negative sense RNA viruses require conversion to positive sense RNA. The video details the entry, replication, and assembly processes of these viruses, highlighting the roles of cellular structures like the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum. The tutorial concludes with a call to action for viewers to engage with the content.

What are the two classifications of single-stranded RNA viruses?

• Enveloped and non-enveloped

• DNA and RNA

• Single-stranded and double-stranded

• Positive sense and negative sense

How do positive sense RNA viruses initially enter a host cell?

• By using a viral enzyme

• Through receptor-mediated endocytosis

• By being engulfed by the cell

• Through direct fusion with the cell membrane

What role does the host cell's ribosome play in the replication of positive sense RNA viruses?

• It translates viral RNA into proteins

• It packages viral proteins

• It destroys viral RNA

• It synthesizes viral DNA

Where does the assembly of new positive sense RNA viruses primarily occur?

• In the mitochondria

• In the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

• In the cytoplasm

• In the nucleus

What is a key difference in the replication process of negative sense RNA viruses compared to positive sense?

• They replicate in the nucleus

• Their RNA must be converted to positive sense

• They do not require a host cell

• They do not produce proteins

What enzyme is crucial for the replication of negative sense RNA viruses?

• DNA polymerase

• Viral polymerase

• Reverse transcriptase

• RNA helicase

How do negative sense RNA viruses ensure their RNA can be translated by the host cell?

• By converting it to DNA

• By directly using the host's ribosomes

• By packaging it into vesicles

• By using viral polymerase to create positive sense RNA

Where does the assembly of new negative sense RNA viruses occur?

• In the mitochondria

• In the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

• In the nucleus

• In the cytoplasm

What is the final step in the replication process of both positive and negative sense RNA viruses?

• Protein degradation

• DNA integration

• Release from the host cell

• RNA synthesis

What is the primary function of the viral matrix and capsid proteins?

• To degrade host cell DNA

• To protect the viral genome

• To synthesize host proteins

• To replicate viral RNA