Menelik II and Ethiopian Modernization

In the late 19th century, European powers colonized Africa for resources and markets. The Berlin Conference set rules for this division, leading to widespread imperialism. Ethiopia, under Emperor Menelik II, resisted colonization, defeating Italy at the Battle of Adwa. Menelik modernized Ethiopia, establishing infrastructure, education, and financial systems, preserving its independence alongside Liberia.

What was one of the main reasons European powers were interested in colonizing Africa in the late 19th century?

• To spread democracy

• To access natural resources

• To establish religious missions

• To create new languages

What was the Berlin Conference primarily about?

• Creating new European alliances

• Promoting African independence

• Dividing Africa among European powers

• Establishing trade routes

Which African country successfully resisted European colonization during the late 19th century?

• Kenya

• South Africa

• Nigeria

• Ethiopia

Who was the emperor of Ethiopia that played a key role in resisting Italian colonization?

• Tewodros II

• Yohannes IV

• Menelik II

• Haile Selassie

What was the outcome of the Battle of Adwa?

• Ethiopia lost its independence

• Ethiopia formed an alliance with Italy

• Ethiopia was colonized by Italy

• Ethiopia defeated the Italian army

What significant achievement did Menelik II accomplish at the Battle of Adwa?

• He established a new capital

• He signed a peace treaty with Italy

• He defeated a European army

• He expanded Ethiopia's territory

Which of the following was a modernization effort by Menelik II in Ethiopia?

• Establishing a modern bank

• Building a new palace

• Creating a new language

• Forming a new religion

What infrastructure project did Menelik II undertake to connect Addis Ababa to Djibouti?

• A bridge

• A canal

• A railway

• A highway

Which service was introduced in Ethiopia by Menelik II as part of his modernization efforts?

• Television

• Internet

• Telephone

• Radio

Aside from Ethiopia, which other African nation preserved its independence during European imperialism?

• Sudan

• Morocco

• Liberia

• Ghana