Human Respiratory System Functions

The video explains the process of gas exchange in the human body, focusing on how oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported between the lungs, blood, and tissues. It covers the pathways of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood, the role of red blood cells, and the mechanisms of carbon dioxide transport, including its impact on blood pH. The video also details the gas exchange process in the alveoli, emphasizing the importance of hemoglobin in oxygen transport.

What is the primary function of gas exchange in the human body?

• To transport nutrients to cells

• To remove waste products from the body

• To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and tissues

• To regulate body temperature

How does deoxygenated blood return to the heart?

• Through the aorta

• Via the pulmonary vein

• Via the capillaries

• Through the inferior and superior vena cava

What happens to blood in the lungs?

• It becomes deoxygenated

• It is filtered for impurities

• It is reoxygenated

• It is converted to plasma

What molecule primarily transports oxygen in the blood?

• Hemoglobin

• Chloride ions

• Carbonic anhydrase

• Bicarbonate

How is most carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

• Bound to oxygen

• As carboaminohemoglobin

• Dissolved in plasma

• As bicarbonate in plasma

What enzyme facilitates the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions?

• Chloride ion transporter

• Hemoglobin

• Oxyhemoglobin

• Carbonic anhydrase

What happens to blood pH when carbon dioxide levels increase?

• It becomes more acidic

• It becomes more alkaline

• It becomes neutral

• It remains unchanged

What is the role of alveoli in the lungs?

• To filter blood

• To exchange gases between the air and blood

• To store oxygen

• To produce red blood cells

What percentage of oxygen is typically transported bound to hemoglobin?

• 98% or more

• Approximately 50%

• About 20%

• Less than 2%

What is the normal range for blood oxygen saturation levels?

• 85-90%

• 100-110%

• 70-80%

• 95-100%