Athenian Democracy and the Peloponnesian War

The video discusses the Peloponnesian War, its impact on Athens and Greece, and the rise of Macedon. It begins with an introduction to Athenian democracy under Pericles, highlighting the importance of citizen participation. The video then compares Athenian direct democracy with the representative democracy of the United States. The Peloponnesian Wars are detailed, focusing on the Delian League and the conflict between Athens and Sparta. The aftermath of the war is explored, showing Greece's weakened state and the rise of Macedon under Philip and Alexander.

What was the primary cause of the Peloponnesian War?

• The invasion of Persia

• Tensions between Athens and Sparta

• The rise of the Roman Empire

• The unification of Greek city-states

What was a key feature of Athenian democracy?

• Representation by elected officials

• Rule by a single monarch

• Citizens voting directly on issues

• Exclusion of all male citizens from voting

Who was Pericles and what was his contribution to Athenian democracy?

• A philosopher who taught in Athens

• A Spartan general who led the army

• A Persian king who invaded Greece

• A ruler who encouraged citizen participation

How does a representative democracy differ from a direct democracy?

• Citizens elect representatives to vote on their behalf

• There is no separation of powers

• Only male citizens can vote

• Citizens vote directly on all issues

What was the Delian League?

• A trade agreement with Rome

• An alliance led by Persia

• A coalition of Greek city-states led by Athens

• A peace treaty with Sparta

Why did tensions arise between Athens and other city-states in the Delian League?

• Athens treated other members as subjects

• Athens refused to trade with other city-states

• Sparta invaded Athens

• Persia joined the League

What was a significant outcome of the Peloponnesian War?

• The unification of Greece under Athens

• The weakening of Greek city-states

• The rise of the Roman Empire

• The expansion of the Persian Empire

How did Sparta gain an advantage in the Peloponnesian War?

• By receiving naval support from Persia

• By forming an alliance with Rome

• By developing a strong air force

• By building a large fleet of ships

What was a consequence of the Peloponnesian War for Greek agriculture?

• Destruction of farmland

• Expansion of farmland

• Increased agricultural production

• Introduction of new crops

Who eventually conquered Greece after the Peloponnesian War?

• The Egyptian Empire

• Macedon under Philip and Alexander

• The Persian Empire

• The Roman Empire