Learning Disabilities and Executive Functions

Andrea Heavener, a pediatric neuropsychologist, discusses learning disabilities, including dyslexia, dyscalculia, and dysgraphia. She explains their characteristics, challenges, and the impact on children's learning. The video also covers nonverbal learning disabilities and executive function issues, highlighting the importance of understanding these conditions for effective support.

What percentage of people in the United States are estimated to have a diagnosable learning disability?

• 5%

• 10%

• 15%

• 20%

Which of the following is a common characteristic of dyslexia?

• Difficulty with numerical calculations

• Issues with visual-spatial skills

• Challenges in organizing thoughts for writing

• Trouble with letter and sound correspondence

What is the term used for a math-related learning disability?

• Dyspraxia

• Dyscalculia

• Dyslexia

• Dysgraphia

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with dyscalculia?

• Difficulty recognizing numbers

• Trouble with math story problems

• Challenges in reading comprehension

• Issues with memorizing math facts

What is another term for a writing disorder?

• Dyslexia

• Dyspraxia

• Dysgraphia

• Dyscalculia

Which of the following is a challenge faced by children with dysgraphia?

• Issues with handwriting movements

• Trouble with numerical calculations

• Difficulty with letter and sound correspondence

• Problems with visual-spatial skills

Nonverbal learning disabilities are often associated with difficulties in which area?

• Handwriting movements

• Memorizing math facts

• Visual-spatial skills

• Reading comprehension

Children with nonverbal learning disabilities might have strengths in which of the following?

• Reading and spelling

• Math abilities

• Gross motor skills

• Visual-spatial skills

What are executive functions primarily responsible for?

• Numerical calculations

• Generating strategies and impulse control

• Letter and sound correspondence

• Handwriting movements

Which of the following is NOT a formally diagnosed learning disability but can still affect learning?

• Executive function difficulties

• Dyscalculia

• Dysgraphia

• Dyslexia