Monoclonal Antibodies Production Process

The video lecture covers the production of monoclonal antibodies, starting with a recap of previous lectures on polyclonal antibodies. It introduces monoclonal antibodies, their discovery by Kohler and Milstein, and the hybridoma technology used for their production. The process involves immunizing a mouse, harvesting B-cells, and fusing them with mutated myeloma cells to form hybridomas. These hybridomas are selected using HAT medium, isolated, and screened for desired antibody production. Finally, the monoclonal antibodies are characterized and stored for diagnostic and therapeutic use.

What is the main limitation of polyclonal antibodies in diagnostic applications?

• They are too specific.

• They recognize multiple epitopes.

• They are difficult to produce.

• They are unstable at room temperature.

Who discovered the hybridoma technology for producing monoclonal antibodies?

• Alexander Fleming and Howard Florey

• Georges J.F. Köhler and César Milstein

• Paul Ehrlich and Elie Metchnikoff

• Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

What is the first step in the production of monoclonal antibodies?

• Hybridoma selection

• Antibody screening

• Animal immunization

• Cell fusion

Why are myeloma cells used in the production of monoclonal antibodies?

• They are resistant to all antibiotics.

• They produce antibodies naturally.

• They can be easily harvested from the spleen.

• They have a long lifespan in culture.

What is the purpose of using polyethylene glycol in the cell fusion process?

• To stimulate B lymphocytes

• To separate different cell types

• To facilitate the fusion of cells

• To block unwanted cell growth

What is the role of HAT medium in the selection of hybridomas?

• It enhances cell growth.

• It selects cells with functional HGPRT.

• It provides nutrients for all cells.

• It prevents cell fusion.

How are hybridomas screened for the production of the desired antibody?

• By using a microscope

• Through genetic sequencing

• Using ELISA and RIA techniques

• By observing cell color changes

What is the final step in the production of monoclonal antibodies?

• Characterization and storage

• Cell fusion

• Antibody purification

• Animal immunization

Why are monoclonal antibodies stored in liquid nitrogen?

• To reduce production costs

• To prevent contamination

• To maintain their activity

• To enhance their potency

What is the main advantage of monoclonal antibodies over polyclonal antibodies?

• They are more stable at high temperatures.

• They are cheaper to produce.

• They recognize multiple antigens.

• They have a single specificity.