Understanding SNPs and Genetic Variation

The video tutorial discusses gene variations, focusing on how alleles differ by a few DNA bases. It introduces the concept of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), explaining that these are positions on a gene where more than one base can exist without affecting functionality. The tutorial emphasizes that while SNPs allow for variations, the gene must remain similar enough to function properly.

What is the primary difference between alleles of a gene?

• They are located on different chromosomes.

• They differ by a few bases.

• They have completely different sequences.

• They are identical in every way.

Which of the following bases is not found in DNA?

• Cytosine

• Uracil

• Thymine

• Adenine

Which base pairs with Adenine in DNA?

• Uracil

• Guanine

• Cytosine

• Thymine

What is a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)?

• A type of protein found in cells.

• A mutation that causes a gene to stop functioning.

• A position in a gene where more than one base can exist.

• A complete change in the DNA sequence.

How do SNPs affect the functionality of a gene?

• They have no effect on the gene.

• They allow for variations without affecting function.

• They completely change the gene's function.

• They always cause the gene to malfunction.

Can a gene have more than one SNP?

• No, a gene can only have one SNP.

• Yes, a gene can have multiple SNPs.

• Only if the gene is mutated.

• Only in certain species.

What must alleles be similar enough to in order to function properly?

• The original gene

• Proteins

• Each other

• Different chromosomes

What happens if every second or third position in a gene is different?

• It becomes a completely new gene.

• It stops functioning.

• It becomes a protein.

• It remains the same gene or allele.

What is the role of SNPs in genetic variation?

• They eliminate genetic variation.

• They cause genetic diseases.

• They contribute to genetic variation.

• They have no role in genetic variation.

What is the significance of SNPs in alleles?

• They cause alleles to be non-functional.

• They allow alleles to differ slightly.

• They make alleles identical.

• They have no significance.