DNA Replication Concepts and Processes

The video tutorial discusses DNA replication, emphasizing the distinction between replication and the central dogma of molecular biology. It explains that DNA replication involves creating a duplicate copy of DNA using a template, occurring during the S phase of mitosis. The tutorial highlights the directionality of DNA replication, where DNA polymerase reads the template strand from 3' to 5' and synthesizes the new strand from 5' to 3'. The concept of antiparallel strand synthesis is also covered, with a focus on the role of enzymes like polymerases in the replication process.

What is the primary focus of DNA replication?

• Converting DNA to RNA

• Duplicating DNA

• Synthesizing proteins

• Breaking down DNA

During which phase of mitosis does DNA replication occur?

• G1 phase

• S phase

• G2 phase

• M phase

In which direction does DNA polymerase read the template strand?

• 5' to 5'

• 5' to 3'

• 3' to 5'

• 3' to 3'

What is the direction of synthesis for the new DNA strand?

• 5' to 3'

• 3' to 3'

• 3' to 5'

• 5' to 5'

What is the term used to describe the opposite orientation of DNA strands?

• Parallel

• Anti-parallel

• Convergent

• Perpendicular

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands?

• Primase

• Ligase

• Helicase

• DNA polymerase

What role does primase play in DNA replication?

• Joins Okazaki fragments

• Repairs DNA mismatches

• Synthesizes RNA primers

• Unwinds the DNA helix

Which enzyme is responsible for joining Okazaki fragments?

• Helicase

• Ligase

• DNA polymerase

• Topoisomerase

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

• Unwinds the DNA double helix

• Synthesizes new DNA strands

• Adds nucleotides to RNA primers

• Joins DNA fragments

Which phase of the cell cycle is associated with DNA replication?

• G2 phase

• G1 phase

• S phase

• M phase