Cellular Functions and Organelles

This video tutorial explores the complexity of eukaryotic cells, focusing on organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. It explains their roles in maintaining cell function, energy production, and storage. The video also covers the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration, highlighting their importance in energy conversion and cell survival.

What is the primary role of organelles in eukaryotic cells?

• To transport nutrients

• To store genetic information

• To provide structural support

• To perform specific tasks to keep the cell alive

What distinguishes the rough ER from the smooth ER?

• The rough ER is covered in ribosomes

• The smooth ER is covered in ribosomes

• The smooth ER is responsible for DNA replication

• The rough ER is involved in lipid synthesis

Which organelle is primarily responsible for digesting cellular waste?

• Chloroplasts

• Mitochondria

• Golgi apparatus

• Lysosomes

What is the function of a contractile vacuole in freshwater organisms?

• To produce energy

• To store nutrients

• To pump excess water out of the cell

• To synthesize proteins

What theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

• Germ theory

• Theory of evolution

• Endosymbiotic theory

• Cell theory

What is the primary function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• To conduct photosynthesis

• To break down waste

• To produce ATP

• To store water

During photosynthesis, what molecule is split to release energy?

• Water

• Oxygen

• Carbon dioxide

• Glucose

What is the first step in cellular respiration?

• Krebs cycle

• Electron transport chain

• Glycolysis

• Photosynthesis

What is the role of ATP synthase in mitochondria?

• To break down proteins

• To produce ATP

• To synthesize glucose

• To transport electrons

Which process is essentially the reverse of the Calvin cycle?

• Photosynthesis

• Electron transport chain

• Krebs cycle

• Glycolysis