Socialism and Communism Concepts

The video explores socialism and communism, tracing their origins during the industrial revolution and comparing them to capitalism. It discusses key theorists like Saint-Simon, Fourier, and Owen, and examines Marx and Engels' contributions. The video highlights the practical challenges of implementing these ideologies, using the Soviet Union and China as case studies. It also touches on the adoption of socialist elements in Western democracies post-WWII. The video concludes with review questions to reinforce learning.

What is a key difference between socialism and capitalism?

• Socialism focuses on voluntary transactions.

• Capitalism emphasizes equality of outcomes.

• Capitalism is a socio-economic-political system.

• Socialism prioritizes equality of outcomes.

Which early socialist theorist envisioned a decentralized state with cooperative communities?

• Henri Saint-Simon

• Charles Fourier

• Robert Owen

• Karl Marx

According to Karl Marx, what is necessary for workers to be free from oppression?

• Peaceful negotiations

• Economic reforms

• Utopian ideals

• Violent revolution

What is a primary goal of communism?

• Government ownership of production

• Extensive private property

• A classless, stateless society

• A flexible ideology

Which ideology is more flexible and aims to reduce the worst outcomes of capitalism?

• Communism

• Socialism

• Maoism

• Capitalism

What event marked the beginning of the Soviet Union as a communist state?

• The Great Leap Forward

• The Great Purge

• The October Revolution

• The Cold War

What was a significant consequence of Joseph Stalin's agricultural policies?

• Economic prosperity

• Increased political freedom

• Mass starvation and purges

• Successful collectivization

Which leader adapted Marxism to focus on the peasantry in China?

• Joseph Stalin

• Vladimir Lenin

• Mao Zedong

• Mikhail Gorbachev

What was the primary focus of Mao Zedong's version of Marxism?

• The bourgeoisie

• The peasantry

• Factory workers

• The aristocracy

What term describes European countries that maintain market enterprises but provide social programs?

• Communist states

• Social democracies

• Capitalist nations

• Authoritarian regimes