Cellular Respiration Concepts and Processes

The video tutorial covers the topic of respiration from the AQA A-level biology specification. It begins with an overview of the importance of respiration in producing ATP, followed by a detailed explanation of glycolysis. The tutorial then explores anaerobic respiration in animals and plants, highlighting the conversion of pyruvate to lactate or ethanol. It proceeds to describe the stages of aerobic respiration, including the link reaction, Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, emphasizing the role of oxygen as the final electron acceptor. The video concludes with a discussion on the use of lipids and amino acids as respiratory substrates.

What is the primary purpose of respiration in cells?

• To produce glucose

• To generate ATP

• To synthesize proteins

• To create oxygen

Which molecule is oxidized during glycolysis?

• ATP

• NAD

• TP

• Pyruvate

In anaerobic respiration in animals, pyruvate is converted into which compound?

• Ethanol

• Lactate

• Acetate

• Carbon dioxide

What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

• NAD

• Water

• FAD

• Oxygen

Which stage of aerobic respiration produces the most ATP?

• Oxidative phosphorylation

• Glycolysis

• Link reaction

• Krebs cycle

What happens to pyruvate in the link reaction?

• It loses a carbon as CO2

• It is converted to lactate

• It gains a phosphate group

• It is converted to ethanol

Which compound is regenerated in the Krebs cycle?

• Citrate

• Acetyl CoA

• FADH2

• NADH

What is the role of ATP synthase in oxidative phosphorylation?

• To oxidize NADH

• To synthesize ATP

• To pump hydrogen ions

• To split water molecules

What is the consequence of insufficient oxygen during respiration?

• Increased ATP production

• Increased oxidative phosphorylation

• Switch to anaerobic respiration

• Continuation of the electron transport chain

Which of the following can also enter the Krebs cycle as respiratory substrates?

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• Lipids and amino acids

• Vitamins