Microevolution and Evolutionary Concepts

The video lesson, led by teacher Marian Soriano, explores biodiversity and evolution. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity. Evolution is explained as changes in species over generations through natural selection. The lesson covers evidence supporting evolution, such as homologous and analogous structures, molecular biology, embryonic development, biogeographical patterns, fossil records, and direct observation. The lesson concludes with a summary of these concepts, emphasizing the role of evolution in biodiversity.

What might have caused the extinction of dinosaurs according to the lesson?

• Alien invasion

• Environmental factors or human activities

• Lack of food

• Overpopulation

What does biodiversity encompass?

• Genetic diversity within species

• Only ecosystem diversity

• Species, genetic, and ecosystem diversity

• Only species diversity

How is evolution defined in biology?

• A process that occurs overnight

• A sudden change in a species

• A change in the characteristics of a species over generations

• A random mutation in a single organism

What are homologous structures?

• Structures that evolved independently

• Structures that have no function

• Structures that are similar due to shared ancestry

• Structures that look alike but have different functions

What is convergent evolution?

• The process where unrelated species evolve similar traits

• The process where species lose their traits

• The process where species become extinct

• The process where species evolve into completely different forms

What does molecular biology suggest about evolutionary ancestry?

• Only mammals share genetic material

• Only plants share genetic material

• All living things share the same genetic material

• All living things have different genetic materials

How do biogeographical patterns support evolution?

• They show no relation to evolution

• They show that all species originated from one place

• They show patterns best explained by evolution and tectonic movements

• They show random distribution of species

What do fossil records provide?

• Information about future species

• Information about species that existed at particular times

• Information about species that never existed

• Information about species that will evolve

What is an example of direct observation of microevolution?

• E. coli evolving antibiotic resistance

• Dinosaurs evolving into birds

• Whales developing legs

• Humans developing wings

What is the result of evolution through natural selection?

• Decrease in biodiversity

• Increase in biodiversity

• No change in biodiversity

• Extinction of all species