Political Systems and Dynastic Governance

The video lesson explores the Tang and Song dynasties, focusing on their government systems and societal structures. It begins with a review of essential vocabulary, including political, dynasties, aristocracy, and meritocracy. The Tang Dynasty is highlighted for its reliance on bureaucracy and public works, as well as the introduction of civil service exams. However, the system favored the wealthy, leading to its downfall. The Song Dynasty expanded the civil service exams, promoting meritocracy and incorporating Confucian, Daoist, and Buddhist influences. This allowed for greater social mobility and reduced nepotism.

What does the term 'political' refer to in the context of this lesson?

• Cultural traditions

• Economic systems

• Government-related matters

• Religious beliefs

What is a meritocracy?

• Rule by the wealthiest

• Rule by the most educated

• Rule by those with proven merit

• Rule by the oldest

Which dynasty is known for initiating civil service examinations?

• Han Dynasty

• Tang Dynasty

• Qing Dynasty

• Ming Dynasty

What was a significant public works achievement of the Tang Dynasty?

• Creation of the Forbidden City

• Development of the Silk Road

• Construction of roads and bridges

• Building of the Great Wall

What was a major reason for the downfall of the Tang Dynasty?

• Invasion by foreign powers

• Natural disasters

• Peasant rebellions and warlordism

• Economic collapse

What was a limitation of the Tang Dynasty's civil service exams?

• They were not respected

• They favored the wealthy

• They were too easy

• They were only for military positions

Which belief systems influenced the Song Dynasty's civil service exams?

• Hinduism and Jainism

• Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism

• Shinto and Zen

• Islam and Sikhism

How did the Song Dynasty improve access to civil service exams?

• By opening exams to more candidates

• By offering free education

• By lowering the passing score

• By eliminating exams altogether

What was a key feature of the Song Dynasty's approach to governance?

• Religious leadership

• Military dictatorship

• Merit-based civil service

• Hereditary rule

What was a social benefit of the Song Dynasty's meritocracy?

• Less government stability

• More power for aristocrats

• Decreased literacy rates

• Increased social mobility