River Erosion and Landforms Concepts

The video explores the Calder Valley in the UK, detailing the river's journey from source to mouth. It explains the long profile and cross profiles of the river, highlighting changes in gradient and valley shape. The video covers landforms in the upper course like interlocking spurs and waterfalls, features in the middle course such as meanders and oxbow lakes, and deposition features in the lower course and estuary. It emphasizes the processes of erosion and deposition throughout the river's course.

Where does the River Calder eventually flow into?

• The Atlantic Ocean

• The North Sea

• The Irish Sea

• The English Channel

What is the typical shape of a river's long profile?

• Convex

• Flat

• Irregular

• Concave

In which course of the river is vertical erosion most dominant?

• All courses equally

• Lower course

• Middle course

• Upper course

What landform is created when a river winds around hard rock in the upper course?

• Meander

• Interlocking spurs

• Oxbow lake

• Waterfall

What causes a waterfall to retreat upstream?

• Sediment build-up

• Lateral erosion

• Undercutting of softer rock

• Deposition

What is a slip-off slope?

• A steep cliff formed by erosion

• A deep pool in the river

• A gently sloping river beach

• A narrow channel in the river

What is the Thalweg?

• The line of fastest flow or deepest water

• The highest point in a river channel

• A type of river cliff

• A sediment deposit area

What is an oxbow lake?

• A lake formed by a dam

• A lake formed by a glacier

• A lake formed by a cutoff meander

• A lake formed by a volcanic crater

What is a floodplain?

• A deep pool in the river

• A narrow river channel

• An area covered by water during floods

• A steep valley side

What happens to a river as it becomes tidal near the sea?

• It erodes more rapidly

• It becomes narrower

• Its velocity falls

• Its flow increases