Buffer Solutions and Their Components

The video tutorial explains the concept of buffers, which resist changes in pH when acids or bases are added. It details how buffers are made by combining a weak acid with its conjugate base salt. The tutorial provides examples of combinations that form buffers and those that do not, emphasizing the importance of using weak acids and their conjugate bases. Specific examples include carbonic acid and acetic acid systems, highlighting their roles in maintaining pH stability.

What is the primary function of a buffer solution?

• To resist changes in pH

• To decrease the pH of a solution

• To neutralize a solution

• To increase the pH of a solution

Which combination is necessary to create a buffer?

• A strong acid and a weak base

• A weak acid and its conjugate base salt

• A weak base and its conjugate acid salt

• A strong acid and a strong base

Why is it important for the anions of buffer components to match?

• To form a buffer solution

• To increase the solubility

• To ensure the solution is acidic

• To maintain the ionic strength

Why does HCl not form a buffer?

• It reacts with water

• It has no conjugate base

• It is a strong acid

• It is a weak acid

What makes H2CO3 a suitable component for a buffer?

• It is a strong acid

• It has a strong conjugate base

• It is a neutral compound

• It is a weak acid with a conjugate base

Why does H3PO4 not form a buffer with the given salt?

• H3PO4 is a strong acid

• The salt is not its conjugate base

• The salt is a strong base

• H3PO4 is not an acid

What is the conjugate base of acetic acid?

• CH3COOH

• CH3COO-

• C2H5OH

• H2O

Which of the following is another way to write the acetate ion?

• C2H3O2-

• CH3COOH

• HCO3-

• H2PO4-

What is the role of the conjugate base in a buffer solution?

• To neutralize added acids

• To increase the basicity

• To increase the acidity

• To neutralize added bases

Which of the following pairs can form a buffer solution?

• HCl and NaCl

• H2CO3 and NaHCO3

• H2SO4 and Na2SO4

• HNO3 and NaNO3