Cerebral Arteries and Blood Supply

The video tutorial by James covers the blood supply to the brain, focusing on the origins and pathways of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries. It explains the anterior and posterior circulation, detailing the main branches and their territories. The tutorial also discusses the Circle of Willis and its role in blood flow equalization. Key concepts include the importance of understanding these arteries for stroke classification. The video concludes with a summary and a request for viewer feedback.

What are the two main paired arteries that supply blood to the brain?

• Subclavian and common carotid arteries

• External carotid and subclavian arteries

• Internal carotid and vertebral arteries

• Brachiocephalic and aortic arteries

Where does the internal carotid artery enter the cranial vault?

• Through the foramen magnum

• Via the transverse foramina

• Through the carotid canal and foramen lacerum

• Via the jugular foramen

From which artery do the vertebral arteries arise?

• Subclavian artery

• Common carotid artery

• Aorta

• Brachiocephalic trunk

What is the primary function of the Circle of Willis?

• To supply blood to the face and scalp

• To equalize blood flow between the anterior and posterior circulations

• To drain venous blood from the brain

• To supply blood to the spinal cord

Which artery is the largest and most direct branch of the internal carotid artery?

• Anterior cerebral artery

• Basilar artery

• Middle cerebral artery

• Posterior cerebral artery

What areas does the middle cerebral artery primarily supply?

• The brainstem and cerebellum

• The lateral surface of the cortex, including motor and sensory areas

• The inferior surfaces of the cerebellum

• The occipital lobe and visual areas

Which artery supplies the visual area of the opposite visual field?

• Basilar artery

• Posterior cerebral artery

• Middle cerebral artery

• Anterior cerebral artery

What is the significance of the anastomosis in the Circle of Willis?

• It connects the venous and arterial systems

• It ensures constant blood supply to the face

• It drains excess blood from the brain

• It provides an alternative route for blood flow in case of arterial occlusion

Which artery supplies the midline surface of the cortex, including the cingulate gyrus?

• Anterior cerebral artery

• Middle cerebral artery

• Posterior cerebral artery

• Vertebral artery

What is the role of the lenticulostriate arteries?

• They supply the brainstem

• They supply the basal ganglia and internal capsule

• They supply the cerebellum

• They supply the occipital lobe